Ideologies of Gender and Sexuality: the Interface between Family Upbringing and Nursing Education1
نویسندگان
چکیده
This study is based on the assumption that subjectification through sexuality driven by gender ideologies during childhood and adolescence is closely related to the dominant discourse that interdicts sexuality and influences the construction of nurses’ professional identities. This study’s objective was to identify in the nurses’ testimonies aspects of the process of subjectification through sexuality over the course of the construction of the participants’ identities as women and nurses. The study was conducted with nine nurses from Barbacena-MG, Brazil. The empirical material was developed through histories of life and interpreted using the Critical Discourse Analysis framework. The results show that subjectivity involves the acquisition of gender performances, determinants in the learning process of masculinity and femininity, reinforced by social institutions. Therefore, the internalized well-behaved-woman model constructed within the family during childhood and adolescence eases one’s acceptance of standards imposed during nurses’ nursing education. DESCRIPTORS: Sexuality. Nursing education. Gender identity. Gender and health. IDEOLOGIAS DE GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE: A INTERFACE ENTRE A EDUCAÇÃO FAMILIAR E A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DE ENFERMEIRAS RESUMO: O pressuposto deste estudo foi de que a subjetivação pela sexualidade orientada por ideologias de gênero, na infância e na adolescência, mantém estreita relação com discursos dominantes que interditam a sexualidade e atravessam a construção da identidade profissional de enfermeiras. O objetivo foi conhecer, por meio dos discursos de enfermeiras, aspectos do processo da subjetivação pela sexualidade, ao longo da construção identitária como mulheres e como enfermeiras. Foi desenvolvida junto a nove enfermeiras de Barbacena-MG. O material empírico foi produzido por meio de histórias de vida e a análise de discurso crítica norteou sua interpretação. Os resultados mostraram que a subjetividade passa pela aquisição de performances de gênero, determinantes no aprendizado de masculinidades e feminilidades, reforçados por instituições sociais. Assim, a introjeção do modelo de mulher bem comportada, construído na família, ao longo da infância e adolescência, facilita a aceitação das normas impostas durante a formação como enfermeira. DESCRITORES: Sexualidade. Educação em enfermagem. Identidade de gênero. Gênero e saúde. IDEOLOGIAS DE GÉNERO Y SEXUALIDAD: LA INTERFACE ENTRE LA EDUCACIÓN FAMILIAR Y LA FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL DE ENFERMERAS RESUMEN: El presupuesto de este estudio fue el de que, la subjetivación por la sexualidad orientada por ideologías de género en la infancia y en la adolescencia mantienen estrecha relación con los discursos dominantes que interdicen la misma y atraviesan la construcción de la identidad profesional de enfermeras. Se objetivó conocer, por medio de los discursos de enfermeras, aspectos del proceso de la subjetivación por la sexualidad durante la construcción identitária como mujeres y enfermeras. Desarrollado junto a nueve enfermeras de Barbacena-MG. El material empírico fue producido por medio de historias de vida y el análisis del discurso crítico orientado a la interpretación. Los resultados mostraron que la subjetivación pasa por la adquisición de comportamientos de género, determinantes en el aprendizado de masculinidades y feminilidades, reforzadas por instituciones sociales. Así, la interiorización del modelo de mujer obediente y disciplinada, construido durante la infancia y adolescencia, facilita la aceptación de normas impuestas durante su formación. DESCRIPTORES: Sexualidad. Educación en enfermería. Identidad de género. Género y salud. 485
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